General Terms and Conditions of Engagement
1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF APPLICATION
(each, a “Matter” and collectively, the “Matters”).
2.GENERAL PRINCIPLES
The Firm’s services are governed by the principles of professionalism, independence, integrity, diligence, loyalty, transparency and confidentiality.
The relationship between the Client and NS is based on mutual trust and on transparent and effective communication of all matters necessary or advisable for the proper provision of the services.
The Firm shall always act to protect the Client’s interests, avoiding conflicts of interest and ensuring integrity and quality in the services provided.
The relationship between the Client and NS is legally characterised as a contract for services. Consequently, the Firm’s professionals shall not be bound by any instructions from the Client that could compromise their independence or professional judgment.
3. PROFESSIONAL SERVICES
Each service shall be provided in accordance with the specific engagement accepted by the Client, which must be confirmed in writing, by email, or by any other means that provides sufficient evidence of the agreement and its terms.
In the absence of an express agreement, the Matter shall comprise the usual legal advisory services appropriate to its nature.
Notwithstanding that the services may be agreed at the outset, the Client and the Firm may modify or adjust the engagement at any time during its performance.
NS shall use its own resources, both material and human, in the provision of the services.
4. FEES, EXPENSES AND INVOICING
At the start of the professional relationship, the Client and the Firm shall agree on the amount or method for calculating the fees, as well as the conditions relating to billing and payment.
In the absence of an express agreement, fees shall be calculated mainly on the basis of the time actually spent on the Matter by the Firm’s professionals, without prejudice to the application of other reasonable criteria depending on the nature of the engagement.
Fees shall be proportionate and reasonable, taking into account the Client’s expectations and the complexity of the Matter.
The Client shall pay all necessary expenses incurred by the Firm in the provision of the services, which shall be itemised in the relevant invoice.
Payments to third parties (e.g., travel expenses, couriers, translation services or other services) shall be justified by the corresponding receipts or supporting documents and shall be included in the next invoice issued by the Firm.
The Client shall be obliged to pay the fees and expenses accrued for services actually rendered up to the date of early termination or frustration of the transaction to which the services were linked.
Invoices issued by the Firm become payable upon presentation and must, in any event, be settled within 30 days from their date of issue.
5. OTHER PROFESSIONALS
Where the involvement of external professionals (such as independent experts, notaries, registrars, lawyers from other jurisdictions, etc.) is necessary for the proper provision of the services, the Client shall be responsible for appointing them and agreeing the terms under which they act. The Firm shall assume no responsibility for their professional conduct nor for the payment or collection of their fees.
Where the Firm advances, on behalf of the Client, any amounts corresponding to the fees or expenses of such professionals, the Client shall reimburse those amounts to the Firm.
6. CONFIDENTIALITY
The Firm’s services are subject to the duty of professional secrecy, in accordance with the applicable regulations and ethical principles of the legal profession.
This duty shall remain in effect even after the services have been completed, except where disclosure is required or authorised by law.
7. PUBLICITY
NS may disclose to third parties the fact that the Client is a client of the Firm, unless the Client expressly objects or is a natural person who has not given prior consent.
Likewise, and subject to the same limitations, once the Matter becomes public, the Firm may disclose its involvement and the nature of the services provided, always without revealing confidential information.
8. COMMUNICATIONS
Given that communication between the Parties is commonly carried out by email, both acknowledge and accept the risks inherent to such means (delays, loss of information, delivery errors, unauthorised access, etc.). The Firm shall not be liable for any consequences arising from such risks.
The Firm cannot guarantee the absence of viruses or harmful elements in its emails and shall therefore not be liable for any damage resulting from their transmission.
If the Client prefers not to use email as a means of communication, they must expressly notify the Firm.
The use by the Client of external digital platforms, tools or services may entail risks (malfunctions, data loss, unauthorised access, etc.). The Firm shall not be liable for such risks, without prejudice to its willingness to cooperate with the Client in selecting and using such services. The use of any external service implies acceptance by the Client of the relevant provider’s terms and conditions.
9. ACCOUNTING OR FINANCIAL INFORMATION
10. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
NS retains ownership of the intellectual property rights over all documents generated in the course of providing the services. The Client may use such documentation for the purposes of the Matter or for any other legitimate use that does not involve disclosure to third parties.
Should the Client wish to disclose to third parties the existence or content of documents prepared by the Firm, prior written authorisation from the Firm shall be required.
11. DOCUMENT RETENTION
NS shall retain all documentation and data related to the provision of the services for as long as the services are ongoing.
Once the services have concluded, the Firm shall retain copies only for the period required by applicable regulations and for the purpose of complying with legal or contractual obligations arising from the services provided.
12. ANTI‑CORRUPTION POLICY
13. ANTI‑MONEY LAUNDERING AND COUNTER‑TERRORIST FINANCING
In compliance with the applicable regulations, the Firm is obliged to cooperate in the prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing.
To this end, the Firm may request from the Client information and documentation verifying their identity, professional or business activity, as well as, where applicable, their beneficial owners and control structure. Such documentation shall be retained for the period required by law.
The Client must provide all identification and verification documentation necessary for compliance before the Firm can accept a Matter or commence the services.
In exceptional circumstances, and where required by law, the Firm may be obliged to report to the Spanish Financial Intelligence Unit (SEPBLAC) any transactions that indicate or confirm a suspicion of money laundering or terrorist financing. Such reporting is confidential and cannot be disclosed to the Client, and the Firm may even be legally required to discontinue work related to the Matter. In such cases, the Firm shall not be liable for any damage or delay resulting from compliance with these legal obligations.
14. DATA PROTECTION
(c) the Client’s clients and collaborators; (d) the Client’s counterparties; or (e) third parties involved in judicial, commercial or contractual matters, the Firm may access identifying, professional, employment‑related and service‑related personal data (“Personal Data”), for the purposes of collecting, organising, storing, consulting, comparing, modifying, extracting, interconnecting, restricting, erasing or communicating such data.
The processing of Personal Data will be carried out for the purposes described above and is based on:
- the execution, performance, fulfilment and monitoring of the contractual relationship between the Parties;
- the legitimate interest of the Parties in processing contact and professional data required for the provision of the services and the performance of the contractual relationship; and
- compliance with the legal and ethical obligations applicable to the Firm (including obligations relating to anti‑money laundering).
Personal Data shall be retained for the duration of the services and, thereafter, for a period of ten years from completion of the services, unless applicable law or professional rules require a longer retention period or allow temporary retention to comply with legal or contractual obligations.
The Firm shall:
- process the Personal Data solely for the provision of the services, except where processing is required under applicable legal or ethical obligations (e.g., anti‑money laundering laws);
- maintain confidentiality and professional secrecy in respect of all Personal Data, as required of all NS lawyers;
- adopt appropriate technical and organisational measures to ensure the security, integrity and confidentiality of the Personal Data;
- not disclose or transfer Personal Data to third parties, save with the Client’s express authorisation, to comply with a legal obligation, or where necessary for the provision of the services (e.g., IT services);
- delete or return the Personal Data upon completion of the services, except where applicable law or the rules on the preservation of legal documents require temporary retention, in accordance with applicable professional standards;
- assist the Client in complying with its obligations under the GDPR, including notification of security incidents and assistance in managing data‑subject rights, where necessary;
- maintain a record of processing activities performed on behalf of the Client;
- inform the Client of the identity and contact details of the Firm’s Data Protection Officer. As of the date of these General Terms and Conditions, the Data Protection Officer may be contacted at: administracion@noguerasebastian.com; and
- provide the Client with the information necessary to demonstrate compliance with these obligations, always respecting the confidentiality owed to other clients of the Firm.
The Client shall:
- provide access to the Personal Data necessary for the provision of the services;
- oversee the Firm’s processing of Personal Data on its behalf;
- authorise, where necessary, the Firm to subcontract essential ancillary services required for the provision of the services (e.g., courier services, IT maintenance), ensuring that any sub‑processors comply with equivalent confidentiality and data‑protection obligations; and
- authorise, where necessary, the processing of Personal Data outside the European Economic Area, subject to the safeguards required under the applicable legislation.
Each Party undertakes that, before disclosing any Personal Data of individuals involved in the execution or management of the services, or of other third parties, to the other Party, it shall have informed such individuals of the processing of their data and complied with all applicable legal requirements for their lawful disclosure, including information duties and valid legal basis, without the receiving Party being required to take any further action vis‑à‑vis the data subjects.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, under Article 32 of Law 10/2010, of 28 April, on the Prevention of Money Laundering and Terrorist Financing, where the engagement is not protected by professional secrecy and compliance with the reporting obligations under that Law is required, the consent of the data subject shall not be required for the processing or disclosure of their personal data, and certain GDPR rights shall not apply.
Each Party is individually and independently responsible for complying with its own obligations regarding the protection of personal data.
Data subjects may exercise their rights of access, rectification, erasure, portability, restriction, and objection by contacting the relevant Data Protection Officer.
They may also lodge any complaint or request related to their personal data with the competent Data Protection Authority.
15. SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
NS shall be liable to the Client solely for direct damages arising from the provision of the services carried out with wilful misconduct or gross negligence. The Client agrees that any claim or action relating to the services or to these General Terms and Conditions (a “Claim”) must be submitted in writing, including sufficient information regarding its nature and amount, and in any event within a maximum period of two years from completion of the services. For these purposes, the services shall be deemed completed when the final invoice for the services to which the Claim relates has been issued.
16. TERMINATION
NS may discontinue the provision of the services at any time, subject to compliance with the applicable professional and ethical rules. Unless otherwise required by law, NS shall provide the Client with the notice necessary to avoid situations of defencelessness.
The Client may also terminate the services at any time.
In either case, the Client shall be required to pay the fees and expenses accrued for services actually rendered up to the date of termination, including those still pending invoicing.
17. AMENDMENTS
NS may amend these General Terms and Conditions.
Amendments shall apply to Matters initiated after their publication. In the case of ongoing services, amendments shall apply only to services provided after the date of publication or communication of the changes.
18. GOVERNING LAW AND JURISDICTION
These General Terms and Conditions and the relationship governing the provision of the services shall be governed by common Spanish law, expressly excluding any regional, special or local law that may otherwise apply.
For any dispute arising out of the services provided in connection with a specific Matter, the Parties expressly submit, waiving any other jurisdiction that may apply to them, to the courts and tribunals of Madrid.
Madrid, 2 January 2026
